Basilica of San Petronio

Construction began in 1390 under the direction of Antonio di Vincenzo. Initially intended to be larger than St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, its ambitious plan was never fully realized due to various political and financial challenges. Despite this, it stands as the tenth largest church in the world.

The basilica's façade is a fascinating study in contrasts, with its lower half adorned with intricate marble work, while the upper section remains unfinished, showcasing exposed brick. This dichotomy adds to its unique charm, reflecting the historical complexities and evolving architectural styles over the centuries.

Inside, the basilica houses remarkable works of art and significant historical features. One of the most notable is the Meridian Line, created by the astronomer Giovanni Domenico Cassini in 1655. This astronomical instrument, one of the largest of its kind, accurately measures the solar year and is an impressive blend of science and artistry.

The basilica's chapels are adorned with exquisite frescoes and sculptures by renowned artists. The Chapel of the Magi, for instance, features frescoes by Giovanni da Modena, depicting scenes of paradise, hell, and the journey of the Magi. These vivid artworks provide a glimpse into the religious and cultural imagination of the 15th century.

Another significant artwork is the Bolognini Chapel, which contains a striking portrayal of the Last Judgment, also by Giovanni da Modena. The intricate details and dramatic expressions capture the theological fervor and artistic mastery of the time.